The Individual and the Community - 963 Words

The Individual and the Community This paper will give insight into the different views of three different philosophers with a never-ending struggle to keep a balance between the community and the Individual. By explaining their views he/she will find different definitions from the philosophers on how to live as an individual under a ruler and how a good citizen should be characterized. For example in Antigone a good citizen would not have gone against the law and buried their sibling in one of the philosopher eyes, but in another’s it made Antigone find happiness so the deed would be cleared and would make it ok. A philosopher of Athens named Socrates believed one could only judge him/herself, if he/she knows what is good or bad in†¦show more content†¦Plato Would be on Ismenes side also because justice and fairness is extremely important to him so by not defying the state she is doing the right thing. Aristotle might agree and also disagree because burying her brother would make her happy, but also not defying the State makes her happy because she doesn’t want to suffer the consequence thus being death. Socrates views on the individual and the community is extremely clear, he strongly disagrees with having an over powering government but rather likes when everyone gets a say in what they want. Plato views are different he believes in having a stronger government so that they can make the rules and everyone has to abide by them, the mindset of â€Å"law above all†. Yet the ruler must take advice at the same time and examine his decisions thoroughly before making them. Aristotle’s views are for everyone to seek happiness and when finding happiness in their life to live the â€Å"good life† because happiness is all you need to live your ownShow MoreRelatedThe Responsibility of the Individual to the Community Essay1167 Words   |  5 PagesMore than a destination at the end of the day, a community is a place people feel at home and a place where people want to feel safe at. Community responsibilities area unit a personalitys duties or obligations to the community a nd embody cooperation, respect and participation. The thought goes on the far side thinking and acting as people to common beliefs concerning shared interests and life. A basic community responsibility is voting in elections. Being socially accountable means folks and organizationsRead MoreThe Tension Between The Individual And The Community1604 Words   |  7 PagesThe tension between the individual and the community has been a problem for society since people settled down and created communities and civilizations. This conflict has endured throughout time and will continue to be a problem in today’s society and into the future. There is no society or government that has escaped this problem, whether you are socialist, communist, democratic, etc. this tension persists. The tensions exist because mostly in areas of extreme class struggle or foreign countriesRead MoreThe Importance Of Community For Individuals With Disabilities1060 Words   |  5 PagesTownley, Greg (2015 ). â€Å"It Helps You Not Feel So Bad—Feel Like You Again†: The Importance of Community for Individuals with Psychiatric Disabilities. 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From the Pilgrims, who came to America aboard the Mayflower, to the Puritans, who later came across their sacred â€Å"city upon a hill,† hundreds of thousands of people eagerly set sail across the Atlantic Ocean on the premise of escaping the King’s tyranny and the uncheckedRead MoreCorruption Of The Nation, The Community, And The Individual1573 Words   |  7 PagesIzzy Rael November 16, 2015 English 10-X Corruption of the Nation, the Community, and the Individual â€Å"Corruption is the enemy of development, and of good governance. It must be got rid of,† says Pratibha Patil, India’s 12th president. Corruption within society hinders its ability to properly function and affects mankind. While it is in effect, corruption will continue to tarnish society’s mores. 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This new culture of individuals are free spirited individuals who want to be accepted as an Americans and exercise their constitutional rights. Not only is the world not acceptant of LGBT community most often the first sign of discrimination against these individuals start at home. Many cultures, races, and gender have battled it out on AmericanRead MoreThe Causes And Effects Of Poverty On Individuals And Communities Essay1950 Words   |  8 PagesThroughout our course, we have looked at the lives of those economically disadvantaged in our society. We have talked about the causes and effects of poverty on individuals and communities and looked at multiple in depth sociological studies. I have come to the conclusion that sociological research is not relevant until it is grounded in rigorous analysis that takes into account the complex nature of social categories. Likewise, sociological analysis means nothing in a vacuum. 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Night Creature Hunter’s Moon Chapter 29 Free Essays

string(22) " his gaze to my face\." Damien Fitzgerald straightened from quadrupedal to bipedal. Completely naked, he glistened in the early-morning sunshine. I was unimpressed. We will write a custom essay sample on Night Creature: Hunter’s Moon Chapter 29 or any similar topic only for you Order Now My hands shook. My heart raced. My eyes blurred. I’d done it again. Fucked a monster. What was the matter with me? â€Å"Leigh – † he began, and took a step in my direction. I fired, the bullet kicking up dirt at his feet. He hesitated but only for an instant. His long bare legs ate up the distance until he was standing far too close. Why didn’t I shoot him? He was the enemy. He could be anyone. He could be the one. My finger tightened on the trigger. Damien grabbed the barrel and put it against his chest, exactly where his heart would be, if he had one. â€Å"You think I care? Shoot me. You’d be doing me a favor.† I frowned, remembering the behavior of the brown werewolf the first night I’d seen him. I’d thought then that the wolf had wanted me to shoot him. Guess I’d been right. â€Å"If you hate me, then kill me, Leigh. The only thing I’ve ever found worth living for is you.† I stared into his eyes and saw the love again. It terrified me. Was it real or just another lie? All my silly dreams rose up and choked me. I’d envisioned a life with this man. Family. Children. I gagged. He hadn’t used a condom last time. What did that mean? Suddenly I was running – through the trees, back the way I’d come. Away from him and all the confusing, heartbreaking things he made me feel. I reached my car. The thing was trashed. I had nowhere to go, except to my room. So I did. No messages on my phone, no E-mail to answer. I drifted around the place trying to find something to occupy my mind. But I couldn’t. All I could think about was Damien. The werewolf. I waited for the hate and loathing that usually filled me whenever I thought of the beasts. They didn’t come. Instead, I remembered touching him, holding him, kissing him. I’d loved him. Why? Desperate, I pulled out the picture of Jimmy, then the ones of my parents, my brother, my sister. I touched then-faces with a fingertip. I said their names out loud. â€Å"Emily, Greg, Carol, and Dan Tyler. James Renquist.† Gone because of me. Because of the monsters. I’d sworn to kill them all. But I hadn’t. Not yet. I tugged a chair even with the door, took a seat, placed my rifle over my legs, and waited. I didn’t have to wait very long. The lock clicked; the door swung open. Damien’s silhouette filled the opening. At least he’d found his clothes. Would his body have distracted me even now? I didn’t want to know. â€Å"Damn you,† I said. He stepped inside and shut the door. â€Å"Too late.† His words reminded me of the nature of werewolves. They were damned, cursed, inhabited by a demon. So what was wrong with him? â€Å"Who are you?† I asked. † What are you?† â€Å"I’ve told you who I am. You saw what I can become.† â€Å"You lied to me.† â€Å"Not really. You knew I had secrets. Now I don’t.† I snorted. â€Å"Splitting hairs, Damien.† â€Å"Making jokes, Leigh?† â€Å"Are you Hector Menendez?† He raised his eyebrows. â€Å"Do I look like a Hector to you?† If he was lying, he did it very well. But then so had Hector. â€Å"You’re a shape-shifter,† I accused. â€Å"I never said I wasn’t. What’s your excuse?† â€Å"I don’t know what you mean.† â€Å"The DNR? Rabies? Please. You’re a Jager-Sucher† Well, so much for our secret society of monster hunters. Not that the werewolves didn’t know someone was after them; they just didn’t know who. By the time they saw a face, they were seconds away from being dead. Of course there were always a few that escaped – and after the debacle in Miniwa, who was to say how many of them knew more about us than we’d like? â€Å"Everyone here knows what I am?† I asked. â€Å"Of course not. They’d have killed you. I told them you were who you said you were. Besides, who’d believe a Jager-Sucher would sleep with the enemy?† â€Å"Not me,† I muttered. â€Å"How long have you known?† â€Å"The first day you showed up. Jessie’s one, too.† He tilted his head. â€Å"I’m not sure about Cadotte. He doesn’t smell like guns and death. But he’s up to something.† â€Å"Why haven’t you tried to kill me if you know I’m here to kill you?† He leaned against the wall, crossed his arms over his chest. His shirt was unbuttoned again. There was a cigarette sticking out of his pocket. I guess he didn’t have to worry about cancer. Lucky him. â€Å"I figured if you were nearby,† he continued, â€Å"I could keep an eye on you. Better the enemy you see than the one you don’t.† Enemy? For some reason that hurt, even though it was true. â€Å"Besides,† he continued, â€Å"why would I kill someone who’s doing the same thing I am?† â€Å"Which is?† â€Å"Killing them.† The words fell between us like a boulder through a sheet of glass. My hands tightened on the rifle in my lap. â€Å"You say that like you’re different from the others.† He shrugged. My gaze went to his ring finger. Maybe he was. â€Å"How many did you have to kill before you became powerful enough to wear silver?† Damien frowned. â€Å"Silver? Oh!† He lifted his hand. â€Å"This? Platinum. My mother’s.† Platinum? I’d heard of it, of course, just never considered one metal could so resemble another. I never thought being jewelry-challenged would be a problem in my line of work. Wrong again. â€Å"Give it to me,† I demanded. We’d just see what it was. At J-S headquarters. If the thing was made of silver†¦ I didn’t want to think about what that meant. He pulled off the ring and crossed the short distance to drop it into my palm. I kept the gun ready. I still didn’t trust him. He stared at the barrel, lifted his gaze to my face. You read "Night Creature: Hunter’s Moon Chapter 29" in category "Essay examples" â€Å"I meant it when I said that I loved you.† â€Å"Save it,† I snapped. I couldn’t think of that now. There were too many other problems to solve. â€Å"I don’t understand what you meant about becoming more powerful,† he began. â€Å"I’m asking the questions.† I motioned with the rifle for him to back up. He was too close. I could smell his skin, feel the heat from his body. It made me want to touch him, made me wonder, again, if he had bewitched me somehow. He retreated to the door, closed it, and sat on the floor with his back against the wood. â€Å"Why are you killing them?† I asked. â€Å"Why are you?† Hadn’t I just said I was asking the questions? He didn’t take orders very well. Big surprise. I decided to answer anyway. â€Å"I’m killing them because they’re evil. Possessed. Murdering, demonic, soulless entities.† â€Å"Ditto.† I blinked. â€Å"What the hell is that supposed to mean?† â€Å"I agree. That’s why I’m killing them.† â€Å"But†¦ so are you.† â€Å"I was. Now I’m different. You were right.† I kept the gun pointed at his chest. But he didn’t move from his position in front of the door. â€Å"Start talking,† I muttered. â€Å"I was in the war – â€Å" â€Å"What war?† † The war. World War Two. What other war is there?† Damien had been in World War Two? I looked him up and down. I’d been told that werewolves lived forever appearing exactly the same age they had been when they were bitten. Of course I never had much of a chance to chat with them and discover if what I’d heard was true. â€Å"There’ve been quite a few wars since then,† I pointed out. â€Å"None like that one.† He was right. Since the last war to end all wars, combat had changed. No more whole-scale invasions onto beaches. We had fighter jets, aircraft carriers, smart bombs. The face of modern warfare. Americans didn’t see their enemy up close and personal anymore. Except for me. I motioned with the gun. â€Å"Get on with it.† â€Å"I was a part of the D-day invasion. Seen any film of that?† â€Å"Saving Private Ryan.† He made a face. â€Å"From what I heard, the movie was close, but the reality was much, much worse.† â€Å"You didn’t see it?† â€Å"I couldn’t.† Damien was a werewolf, had done unimaginable things, but he couldn’t bear to see a movie reenacting a battle. I wondered if the sadness in his eyes reflected more than werewolf guilt. â€Å"I made it past Omaha Beach and started through the French countryside. We were in a race to Berlin. Americans on one side, Russians on the other.† â€Å"I know the drill.† â€Å"Right. Anyway, there were Germans all over the place. Snipers. Panzers. Damn circus. More so than I realized. We had just moved into Germany when they attacked.† He shifted, looping his arms around his knees and hunching his shoulders. Staring at his hands, he continued. â€Å"Hundreds of werewolves came out of the trees and swept over us like†¦ like – â€Å" â€Å"A werewolf army,† I whispered. I’d heard the story of Hitler’s monster legion, but I’d never met anyone who’d seen it. â€Å"We didn’t have silver bullets. No matter how many times we shot them, they kept coming. They killed everything in their path. It was a slaughter.† â€Å"And you? How did you manage to survive?† His light eyes flicked to mine, then away. â€Å"I was young. Foolish. I wanted to live. I didn’t realize what that meant.† Damien took a deep breath as if bracing himself. â€Å"When I saw what was happening, I ran and hid. The guns didn’t work. Our tanks were too far behind to help. I’m not sure if they could. No silver ammo in them, either.† He emitted a short bark of laughter. â€Å"One of the werewolves found me. I†¦ I†¦ begged for my life.† He refused to look at me. I waited for him to continue. What could I say? â€Å"I’d seen so many of my friends die. On the beach, the march, in that forest. I was twenty-three, and I didn’t want to die. So I begged. A mistake I’ve paid for over and over again.† â€Å"What happened?† â€Å"The wolf wasn’t hungry anymore. He granted my wish and made me like him.† Silence settled over the room as Damien remembered what that meant and I considered it, too. If he had been a werewolf since 1944, how many had he killed? The possibilities boggled the mind. â€Å"I became possessed. The bloodlust is like nothing you can imagine, especially when you first become. You’re out of control. Being in Germany, during that time, I had no problem feeding the hunger. With my entire company wiped out, and pretty much strewn in pieces all over the countryside, disappearing wasn’t a big deal. I was listed as killed in action. I never saw my family again.† He took a deep breath, let it out slowly. â€Å"How could I when I was like this?† Sympathy sparked in my chest and I squashed it ruthlessly. â€Å"I’m not hearing anything that makes you different from all the other murdering scum I’ve put a silver bullet into over the years.† â€Å"I’m not. I killed – first in Germany, then all over Europe and Russia. Back then it was easy. So many people, nobody noticed. It wasn’t that much different from when I’d been a soldier. Except now the enemy was any human. It didn’t matter what uniform they wore or which flag they waved.† â€Å"At first I liked being a werewolf. I’d been afraid for so long. I was a kid when I went into the army. I’d worked on the docks in New York.† He glanced down at his hands – calloused, scraped, rough. â€Å"It was hard work, but the war was worse. I was terrified of dying, but I had to go. Back then we had little choice. The world was being decimated. We had to save it or kiss everything and everyone we’d ever loved good-bye. I did anyway.† â€Å"Wah, wah, wan,† I sniped. His lips lifted into his usual ghost of a smile. â€Å"When you’re bitten, you change. And I don’t mean just the transformation. The virus – or whatever it is that does this – makes you selfish. All you care about is your next meal, how to survive, how to thrive. Me, me, me pounds in your head like an anthem. That’s the demon, Leigh. Complete and total self-absorption.† â€Å"Sociopath,† I muttered. â€Å"Exactly.† I made a note to mention this to Edward. Although I doubted very many werewolves went in for psychiatric advice on their psychosis, it couldn’t hurt to check out anyone with sociopathic tendencies. â€Å"I stayed in Europe until the last of my family was gone. I didn’t want to run into anyone who knew me. How would I explain being alive?† â€Å"Wouldn’t your mother have loved you no matter what?† â€Å"Of course. But I no longer cared about my mother, about love, family, or anything that’s truly important; I only cared about me.† I frowned. This didn’t sound like the Damien I’d come to know and lo – I mean hate. â€Å"When everyone who’d known me then was dead, I came back to America. I missed the place. As much as I could miss or care for anything. Besides, Europe was getting dangerous. All the monsters that had been released by the Nazis – â€Å" I jolted. â€Å"You know about that?† â€Å"Of course. We have our fairy tales, our legends, our history, too. The beings Mengele had fashioned in his lab were causing problems. You see, Europeans believe in things Americans don’t.† â€Å"Like what?† â€Å"People who’ve lived next to the Black Forest for centuries have watched some unbelievable creatures come out of those trees. They buy silver ammo as easily as we buy a cheeseburger. But in America, a country that’s only a few hundred years old, the citizens are modern. They only believe what they see, hear, and touch. Do they sell silver bullets at Wal-Mart yet?† I saw his point. â€Å"I came back in 1968 to a world gone crazy. People hitchhiking all over the place. Free love. Drugs everywhere. It was the perfect time for monsters. With all the drifting around the country, folks disappeared without a trace.† â€Å"And now?† I asked. â€Å"Now it’s tougher. But people still disappear. You know that as well as I do.† He was right. Despite the computers, the technology, the numbers and requirements necessary for daily living, people still disappeared. Both Damien and I knew why. â€Å"You haven’t told me one damn thing that makes me want to put a slug of silver between your eyes any less.† â€Å"I don’t kill people any more. I kill werewolves.† I wasn’t sure I believed him, but I’d give him the benefit of the doubt. â€Å"Why?† â€Å"Because something happened that made me understand what I was doing. Made me agonize over every life I’d taken. Made me remember all the pain I’d caused. The faces of the ones I’ve killed haunt me, and the only way to make them fade for even an instant is to end the existence of others like me.† â€Å"I’ve never heard of a werewolf with a conscience before.† â€Å"Never been one that I know of. I’m cursed – or blessed.† His lips twitched. â€Å"Depending on how you look at it.† I wasn’t sure how to look at it, because I found all of this pretty hard to believe. How to cite Night Creature: Hunter’s Moon Chapter 29, Essay examples

Ethical Issues of Health Care free essay sample

Out of the four models of physician/patient relationship, Dr. McKee exemplified the Paternalistic model, the least ideal model for physician/patient interactions. He makes decisions for the patient dismissing the importance of their values or desires. For example, on the way home from a festival with his wife, Mrs. Street calls because she is concerned that her husband wants to mow the lawn after having just received surgery on his lungs. Dr. McKee says† Well it is dangerous to mow the lawn in the dark†, laughs, and carelessly hangs up on her.He also uses the interpretive model where the patient is inchoate and is asking for elucidation of their values and acts as a counselor. For example, the suicidal patient, he tells the patient next time he wants to torture himself to go play golf. Doctors such as Dr. Murray, Dr. Abbott, and his radiology therapist were doctors in the film that acted in the same manner as Dr. McKee had in the beginning of the film. Dr. Murray asked him to lie under oath for him in a major malpractice case against Mr. Richards. This case involved medical infidelity and going against the ethical principle of justice when the benefit that Mr. Richard’s was entitled to was denied and the burden of his health was imposed unduly. He was denied informed consent of his medical conditions and went against the Kantian belief of truth-telling which states† to be truthful in all declarations is therefore a sacred and conditional command of reasons, and not to be limited by any other expediency. † Dr. Abbott also treats her patients like specimen and has an egoistic view in medical ethics. She’s rude, keeps her patients waiting, and speaks to them in a careless manner. At one point when Dr.McKee was concerned about being unable to see her until later in the day she says to him, â€Å"I am the doctor and you are my patient. I am telling you when I am available. † Dr. McKee’s radiology therapist left his cancer patients unattained for an entire week because he was backed up and also against informed- consent as well as truth-telling when he fails to inform Dr. McKee that his tumor has gotten larger since therapy. All he tells him is that â€Å"it didn’t shrink. † In the beginning of the film, Dr. McKee would have evaluated this type of behavior from doctors as acceptable and justifiable. A Medical Ethics committee is responsible for ethical issues, problems and dilemmas pertaining to health. Medical Ethics involves the moral relationship between people and health professionals and is based primarily on the idea of fidelity, respect, and trust. Although a medical ethics committee follows principles of autonomy, informed consent, confidentiality, beneficence, and distributive justice, If Dr. McKee were to be a member of medical ethics committee in the beginning of the movie, he would ultimately address a dilemma from a more paternalistic view.If he were to be placed in a position where he needed to evaluate a situation and come up with a decision regarding a patients health, he would believe in doing what appears to be in the best interest of the patient even if it against the expressed of implied wishes of the patient, but â€Å"for the patient’s own good. † He would act upon the principle of double effect which states that it is permissible to do what o rdinarily is harm if one does not intend the harm, the harm is an unintended effect of some good action, and the action is the only way to bring about a desired end.These principles are unsatisfactory and incompatible to other principles such as informed consent which states the importance of communicating, understanding, and agreeing upon a medical treatment and would work against the autonomy of the patient. It also goes against the requirement of a medical committee member to promote education regarding medical ethical matters and also to assess and provide patient care by demonstrating a respect for patient rights. However, despite Dr.McKeen’s callous attitude towards his patients, I believe he would follow the principle of beneficence, a supporting theory about the value of avoiding harm and helping others. Although he treated his patients in a lackadaisical manner, he demonstrated his gifted surgical abilities with the ultimate goal to heal them. Even when he is diagnosed with cancer and scheduled to receive radiation therapy, he’s concerned about missing his scheduled surgeries and continues to go to work despite his sickness. In the beginning of the movie, Dr McKee was an egoist.Even though he performed the kind actions of operating on people and saving their lives, he was only acting in his own interest. He didn’t actually care about the patients. On his way walking into a scheduled operation, he stated â€Å"A surgeon’s job is to cut. Caring is all about time. I’d rather cut straight, and care less. † He believed he had a right to his own interest, which was to do his job, and care only about his interests, which is exactly how egoists think. Towards the end of the film, he turns into more of a utilitarian in doing the greatest good for the greatest amount of people.After there is an ironic reversal of professional perspective, and he is forced into becoming the patient instead of the doctor, his philosophy on medicine changes. He learned the importance and healing powers of love and compassion and the meaning of ethics of care in that love and responsibility are emphasized over rights, duties, and rules. He defends a patient who was described as terminal by arguing with the doctor and saying, ‘Well is the patient alive or dead? Call a patient terminal again and that’s how you will describe your career. † He was kind and companionate to Mr.Merris, who was undergoing a heart transplant by talking to him throughout the operation and hugging him. Dr. McKee becomes a believer in Kantian theory of truth-telling when he refuses to lie under oath about the mal practice case against Mr. Richards. When all the doctors watched and ignored Mr. Richards who seemed to be having trouble with his car, Dr. McKee helped him receive the keys he’s locked in his car. Also, in the beginning of the film, Dr. McKee would ridicule Eli, an ear-nose-throat doctor, for his empathetic treatment of his patients.At the end he apologizes to him and says, â€Å"I’ve been very insulting with you in the past which I am ashamed of. † When Dr. Abbott says she knows how he feels he responds by saying, â€Å"You don’t have the first idea what I’m feeling. Today I’m sick, tomorrow or the next day you’ll be sick. Every doctor becomes a patient somewhere down the line and then it’ll hit you as hard as it hit me. † He makes the incoming doctors act as hospital patients for 72 hours to learn the importance of the patient’s autonomy, the justice of fairness, and the sanctity of life.He says to them,† You’ve spent so much time learning the Greek names for the patient’s deceases but patients have a name. They feel frightened, embarrassed, and vulnerable. They feel sick and want to get better so because of that they put their lives in our hands. † If Dr. McKee were to sit on an ethics committee discussing the actions of a physician who was treating patients in the way he himself used to, I imagine he would argue this: Dr. McKee: Doctors like that don’t know what it’s like to wait in the waiting room. They don’t understand the ignominy of filling out pointless forms.And they have no idea what it feels like to receive the unfeeling attitude from the professional medical community, when you’re concerned with your health. Patients every day are subject to negligence, indifference, and humiliations from physicians in hospitals. Let’s consider beneficence, the most basic ethical principle. The Oath of Hippocrates states â€Å"I will apply dietetic measures for the benefit of the sick and keep them from harm and injustice. I will comfort and benefit the sick, remaining free of all intentional justice. Physicians are treating their patients like specimens, laughing at their questions, ignoring their requests, and not taking into consideration that patients are more than just a Greek named disease, but people just like us. This is not what I call keeping patients from harm and injustice, nor does it comfort or benefit the sick in any way shape or form. Doctors should take the appropriate measures in doing-good because that is their job as physicians. They should practice distributive justice and perform an equal share of goods and services to all individuals, whether they are a physician or a patient.Physicians should protect the patient’s autonomy and provide them with adequate information. They should perform the informative model of the physician/patient relationship and provide the patient with all the information, giving the patient the freedom and correct tools to make a decision on their own. They must be performers of informed consent in that they must communicate with the physician as often as needed and provide adequate and appropriate truth telling. People go to hospitals and put their lives in the hands of doctors.It is a doctor’s duty to do everything they can to provide the most information, comfort, and help possible for their patients. Those who are trained in ethics are taught all of the basic principles and values including: autonomy, informed consent, confidentiality, beneficence, and distributive justice, standard beliefs but will never really fully recognize what they mean to patients, unless they are placed in the patient’s shoes and experience it in actuality. Most doctors I’ve ever seen treat their patients as numbers not peo ple.My mother was diagnosed with breast cancer and I remember her having to go see a number of different doctors because no one would give her the right information. They rushed her out of their office and didn’t help her to the best of her ability. I also remember when my aunt was dying of mouth cancer, all the bruises she had from doctors and nurses handling her in a careless matter and being too rough with her fragile deteriorating body. Another example was when my brother fell from a tree an cracked his head open, the hospital’s emergency was in no rush to get him in to see a doctor quick enough.We waited in the waiting room for over an hour. Although many doctors may begin distributing all principles into your work, the extremity of it might wear off through time. It is the actual experience of being placed in the patient’s feet that would result in a good doctor or good physician. If a doctor was the one diagnosed with breast cancer, they would expect to receive all the information, direction, and advice on possible actions to take. If a doctor were to be the one dying of mouth cancer, they would expect their weak and fragile body to be handled in a gentle manner and careful manner.And if a doctor were to be the one who cracked their head open, they would expect a physician to assist them immediately. However it isn’t until themselves or someone close to them in placed in the situation of a patient in need of a physician’s help, that a doctor doesn’t fully acknowledge the degree of negligence from the professional medical community to the patients, and when they do have the actual experience in medical ethics, this is what will make a physician a good doctor. References Levine, Carol. Taking Sides: Clashing Views on Bioethical Issues. 12th ed. Dubuque, Iowa: McGraw-Hill Companies, 2008. 2-32.

Theater Critique Clybourne Park Essay Example For Students

Theater Critique Clybourne Park Essay Last Thursday, I had seen the Pulitzer and Tony Award Winning play Clybourne Park, written by Bruce Norris and directed by Ralf Remshardt. Clybourne Park is the spin-off of Lorraine Hansberry’s A Raisin in the Sun. The stage was setting up as a truly house. Clybourne Park is an allegory about racial problems. In Act One, Russ and Bev sold their house to a â€Å"colored† family, which triggered the flutter among the mid-class community. The audiences were led to 50 years later in the second act. Now the community has become a black residential area, Steve and his wife Lindsey plan to pull down and rebuild the house. We will write a custom essay on Theater Critique Clybourne Park specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now But other neighborhoods hold different opinions with them. As time goes by, even in the same house, the interests between people are changed. A good play can hardly do without the good acting. Unlike movies or drama, we could see every detail and emotion of actors. The play, which requires actors, should have superb sills for delivering their lines. In the Clybourne Park, each of the seven actors plays a totally different character in two acts. It was necessary for them to have strong ability to catch emotional pitch and memorize the script. Matthew Lindsay, playing an Improvement Association of the community with full of racism in the first act, has speaking as a well-educated white man in the second act. Prior to this play, I have never seen Matthew Lindsay in any plays. But he did a wonderful performance in his portrayal of both Karl and Steve. Matthew Lindsay’s attire quickly informed the audience of his status. The well-pressed suit, stiff collars and fixed hair portrayed a man on the middle of the society with high opinion of himself. And to me, the highlight of the first act is the conversation between Karl with others. Karl (Matthew) determined to stop the sale then came to Russ’s home and tried to buy back the house. One can easily feel his superiority as white through his impressions and voices. During the whole conversation Matthew said it smoothly and with a tone of mockery in his voice. When Russ asked him â€Å" what sort of people are they? † He paused for a while and answer in a half-sardonic way with unbelievable voice. Matthew plays Karl very accurately and this is easy for us to feel how stubborn, domineering and how has a well-developed sense of his own superiority. The mood of the production totally changed from the first scene. Matthew Lindsay became Steve, the most obnoxious one among all the characters. Trying to discuss about race and class problems by telling jokes. Compare with the scene one, I prefer Matthew’s acting in the act two, he played it with more gusto. He is perfectly gorgeous as Steve and really lived the part. In the heat of the argument with Kevin and Lena, Matthew increased the rate of body movement also improved body movement of the expression. I still could remember when Lindsey blurted out half of my friends are black! † how he said â€Å"what† with incredulous voice. He also added more gestures while he speaks, these gestures are extremely important as they virtually strengthen his emotions. He used his larger than life acting style to express the interjections like â€Å" oh my god. Both Karl and Steve share similar characteristics, they are bigoted and racist. In some respects they are variable from each other in personalities. It is better for us to understand the race problem and class struggle in different generations. Matthew played both of them so fantastic, but I prefer the way he acted as Steve that is more realistic and unforgettable.

Timeline of the Andean Cultures of South America

Timeline of the Andean Cultures of South America Archaeologists working in the Andes traditionally divide the cultural development of the Peruvian civilizations into 12 periods, from the Preceramic period (ca 9500 BC) through the Late Horizon and into the Spanish conquest (1534 CE). This sequence was initially created by archaeologists John H. Rowe and Edward Lanning and it was based on the ceramic style and radiocarbon dates from the Ica Valley of the South Coast of Peru, and later extended to the whole region. The Preceramic Period (before 9500–1800 BC), literally, the period before pottery was invented, spans from the first arrival of humans in South America, whose date is still debated, until the first use of ceramic vessels. The following eras of ancient Peru (1800 BC-AD 1534) have been defined by archaeologists using an alternation of so-called â€Å"periods† and â€Å"horizons† which end with the arrival of the Europeans. The term â€Å"Periods† indicates a timeframe in which independent ceramic and art styles were widespread across the region. The term â€Å"Horizons† defines, in contrast, periods in which specific cultural traditions managed to unify the whole region. Preceramic Period Preceramic Period I (before 9500 B.C.E.): First evidence of human occupation of Peru comes from groups of hunters of this tradition are the Chivateros (I) industry and the long and narrow Paijan points. Other important sites are Ushumachay, Telarmachay, Pachamachay.Preceramic Period III (8000–6000 B.C.E.): From this period, it is possible to recognize different cultural tradition, such as the Northwestern Tradition, where the site of Nanchoc dates to ca 6000 BC, the Paijan Tradition, the Central Andean Tradition, whose widespread lithic tradition has been found in many cave sites, such as the famous Lauricocha (I) and Guitarrero caves, and, finally, the Atacama Maritime Tradition, at the border between Peru and Chile, where the Chinchorro culture developed about 7000 years ago. Other important sites are Arenal, Amotope, Chivateros (II). Preceramic Period IV (6000–4200 B.C.E.): The hunting, fishing and foraging traditions developed during the previous periods continue. However, toward the end of this period, a climatic change allows for early plant cultivation. Important sites are Lauricocha (II), Ambo, Siches.Preceramic Period V (4200–2500 B.C.E.): This period corresponds to a relative stabilization of the sea level along with warmer temperatures, especially after 3000 BC. Increase in domesticated plants: squashes, chili peppers, beans, guavas and, most of all, cotton. Important sites are Lauricocha (III), Honda.Preceramic Period VI (2500–1800 B.C.E.): The last of the Preceramic periods is characterized by the emergence of monumental architecture, population increase, and widespread production of textiles. Different cultural traditions are recognizable: in the highlands, the Kotosh tradition, with the sites of Kotosh, La Galgada, Huaricoto, and along the coast, the monumental sites of Caral  S upe / Norte Chico tradition, including Caral, Aspero, Huaca Prieta, El Paraiso, La Paloma, Bandurria, Las Haldas, Piedra Parada. Initial through Late Horizon Initial Period (1800 – 900 B.C.E.): This period is marked by the appearance of pottery. New sites emerge along the coastal valleys, exploiting the rivers for cultivation. Important sites of this period are Caballo Muerto, in the Moche valley, Cerro Sechin and Sechin Alto in the Casma valley; La Florida, in the Rimac valley; Cardal, in the Lurin valley; and Chiripa, in the Titicaca basin.Early Horizon (900 – 200 B.C.E.): The Early Horizon sees the apogee of Chavin de Huantar in the northern highland of Peru and the successive widespread of the Chavin culture and its artistic motifs. In the South, other important sites are Pukara and the famous coastal necropolis of Paracas.Early Intermediate Period (200 B.C.E. –600 C.E.): The Chavin influence wanes by 200 BC and the Early Intermediate period sees the emergence of local traditions like the Moche, and Gallinazo in the north coast, the Lima culture, in the central coast, and Nazca, in the south coast. In the northern highlands, the Marcahuamachuco and Recuay traditions arose. Huarpa tradition flourished in the Ayacucho basin, and in the southern highlands, Tiwanaku arose in the Titicaca basin. The Middle Horizon (600–1000 C.E.): This period is characterized by climatic and environmental changes in the Andean region, brought about by cycles of droughts and El Nià ±o phenomenon. The Moche culture of the north underwent a radical reorganization, with the move of its capital farther north and inland. In the center and south, the Wari society in the highland and Tiwanaku in the Titicaca basin expanded their dominion and cultural traits to the whole region: Wari toward north and Tiwanaku toward the southern zones.The Late Intermediate Period (1000–1476 C.E.): This period is signified by a return to independent polities governing different areas of the region. In the north coast, the Chimà º society with its huge capital Chan Chan. Still on the coast the Chancay, Chincha, Ica, and Chiribaya. In the highland regions, the Chachapoya culture arose in the north. Other important cultural traditions are the Wanka, who opposed a fierce resistance to the first expansion o f the Inca.Late Horizon (1476–1534 C.E.): This period spans from the emergence of the Inca empire, with the expansion of their dominion outside the Cuzco region until the arrival of the Europeans. Among important Inca sites are Cuzco, Machu Picchu, Ollantaytambo.

How Women Rank in Traditional Female Jobs

How Women Rank in Traditional Female Jobs ​Stereotypes hold true when it comes to the jobs that most women work. Asked to name the traditional careers typically pursued by women, most of us could easily come up with the jobs that employ the most women. Secretaries, nurses, and teachers top the list. Together, these three occupations provide jobs for around 12 percent of all working women. Women in the Workforce Working women are a sizable chunk of the population. According to the U.S. Department of Labor, 70 million women age 16 and over were employed in 2016 in both full- and part-time jobs. Thats nearly 60 percent of the female population. In management, women are making great strides, accounting for nearly 40 percent of managers in the labor force. And yet, in 2014 it was reported that 4.8 percent of all women made an hourly rate at or below the federal minimum wage. Thats almost 1.9 million women. According to the 2015 Women in the Labor Force: A Databook, 5.3 percent of women who are employed work more than one job and 5.3 percent were self-employed. Compare this to 4.5 percent of men with multiple jobs and 7.4 percent who are self-employed. Traditional Occupations of Working Women Looking at the  top ten occupations that employ the most women, together they provide jobs for around 28% of the female workforce.   The following table shows what those occupations are according to a 2008 report and with the updated 2016 statistics for comparison. One thing you might find surprising is the wage gap found in these traditionally female jobs. The average weekly salary earned by women continues to fall behind that of their male colleagues. Occupation 2016 Total Women Employed 2016 % Women Workers 2008 % Women Workers 2016 Average Weekly Salary Secretaries Administrative Assistants 2,595,000 94.6% 96.1% $708(men earn $831) Registered Nurses 2,791,000 90.0% 91.7% $1,143(men earn $1261) Teachers - Elementary Middle School 2,231,000 78.5% 81.2% $981(men earn $1126) Cashiers 2,386,000 73.2% 75.5% $403(men earn $475) Retail Salespersons 1,603,000 48.4% 52.2% $514(men earn $730) Nursing, Psychatric, Home Health Aides 1,813,000 88.1% 88.7% $498 (men earn $534) First-line supervisors/managers of retail sales workers 1,447,000 44.1% 43.4% $630(men earn $857) Wait Staff ( waitresses) 1,459,000 70.0% 73.2% $441(men earn $504) Receptionists Information Clerks 1,199,000 90.1% 93.6% $581(men earn$600) Bookkeeping, Accounting Auditing Clerks 1,006,000 88.5% 91.4% $716(men earn $790) What Does the Future Hold? The change in the demographics of Americas labor force is changing slowly, but according to the U.S. Department of Labor, its significant. It is projected that we will see a slowdown in growth and at the same time women will continue to make gains.   In the 2002 report A Century of Change: The U.S. Labor Force, 1950-2050,   the Department of Labor notes that women have increased their numbers at an extremely rapid pace in the past 50 years. It anticipates that growth to slow down from the 2.6 percent seen from 1950 to 2000 to 0.7 percent from 2000 to 2050. While that report projects women making up 48 percent of the workforce in 2050, in 2016 were sitting at 46.9 percent. If women continue to progress at even the projected 0.7 percent rate, we will have topped that 48 percent by 2020, 30 years earlier than projected just 16 years prior. The future for working women looks bright and the prospects reach far beyond the traditional jobs for women. Source Employed persons by detailed occupation, sex, race, and Hispanic or Latino ethnicity. 2016. Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor.Median weekly earnings of full-time wage and salary workers by detailed occupation and sex. 2016.  Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor.20 Leading Occupations of Employed Women: 2008 Annual Averages. 2009. Womens Bureau, U.S. Department of Labor.

Democracy is a long fight which is somehow greeted with lots of Essay

Democracy is a long fight which is somehow greeted with lots of rejection. Most philosophers die trying to revolutionize the wor - Essay Example Locke fought for democracy even before the ages of democracy inauguration arrived. His writing about the two treatises of the government was a major contribution. By adopting a technique of social contract, Locke was able to explain that the authority that the state legitimately owned was from individual people in the society. Locke argued that if the rights of individuals in the society are infringed and violet the legitimate authority of the state can be withdrawn. The law of nature describes the aspect of Locke’s argument and he states that human beings should not invade and infringe the rights of their fellows. Locke’s contribution to chapter XIX of the Treatise is clearly against degeneration of war by failure of the government to hold the power that generates from the natural stage. Locke believed that people were free by nature (Theriault, 2009). His notion and belief on freedom led to the foundation of freedom in the Government. According to the philosopher, the government exists in order to promote public good, protect life, liberty, and, in general, to protect the property of its people. Locke argues that those governing the country must be elected from the society in order for them to represent the will of the society. Locke refers to the dissolution of the government and reformation of the government by the society since he refers to the society as one body that has the power to control the government. Locke is also against the will of the government to take away private property and subject people into slavery. Locke speaks about the legislative role of protection and guarantees rebellion if the legislatiion fails to protect private property and allows subjection to slavery. Locke had lots of influence on the governorship and rule of the US. Former president Thomas Jefferson used Locke’s words concerning the rights of humans since God created us all. Jefferson in his speech insisted that humankind should pursue liberty and happ iness. Locke greatly influenced Jefferson’s leadership. Jefferson laid structures and foundations of democracy on the works of a man he considered the greatest philosopher – John Locke (Cranston, 1989). In the first treatises, that Locke published, it went about quasi-religions. Locke argues on the absolute monarchy, which is the natural system of human social organization. In his second treatises, Locke describes the aims and functions of the civil government. In the second treatises, Locke disagrees with Hobbes’ opinion on the structure and function of the civil government. Locke insists that the government must play the role of a protector of private property. Voltaire enlightened the world by advocating for freedom of speech, freedom of press and religion. In addition to this, Voltaire was also against monarchy, militarism, and slavery. He did a lot of crusading against tyranny and bigotry. Despite his skepticism about Rousseau, he still played a big role in French revolution. Voltaire defended the freedom of speech. While defending the freedom of religion, Voltaire insisted that the true religion should not treat dogma, but must instill morality in the society. The 18th century is mostly referred to as the age of reasoning and it comprised many philosophers who argued that people should think of themselves. Most philosophers referred to the theme as the theme of â€Å"cause and effect†

Thinking like an Economist Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Thinking like an Economist - Essay Example I believe that the ideas of Adam Smith are still relevant in our current world economy. It is irrefutable that only a few things changed over the century which implies that older ideas can still be applied in the present. This is even more applicable to social sciences like economics as the past dilemmas still haunt the policy and decision makers of today. The problem of maximizing public good is still a one of the greatest questions in the world economy which can be answered by the ideas of Smith. The relevance of the ideas of Smith can be seen on how governments are presently trying to deregulate industries and privatize some previously government owned corporations. The countries doing this are coming to the realization that deregulation and privatization triggers a more competitive environment for industries and corporations alike, leading to more efficient operations. It is also notable that these processes ensure that the true value of goods and services in the economy is reflected in the pricing system as subsidies are now removed. Deregulation and privatization also significantly improves the overall efficiency in corporations' operations thereby maximizing producer surplus. When producers pass this in the form of lower prices, consumer surplus is maximized and the overall economy profits. One of the best examples to illustrate Adam Smith's concept of "invisible hand" is fr

Christopher Columbus Essay Example for Free

Christopher Columbus Essay Christopher Columbus wrote a letter to the king and queen of Spain around 1494. He gave the king a queen a description of what was going on and what he had found. He wrote this letter stating that there was riches and many land for colonies. He was telling them what they can do with this land that he had found. Take it, build a government, and he wanted more ships for his up coming voyages. The question is this document relevant to his voyages, yes, indeed they do. He wrote to the king and queen what they can do in this land that he had found. He was already planing there government, and how they were going to rule the land. He explained how they should have churches and start converting the indians. When the gold rush comes they should have the people who are getting the gold must have a license to retrieve some gold. He talks about governors and how there should be one on every island that he had discovered and how they were going to be in charge. He wanted to start these settlements and let them grow and then that would make Spain the greatest empire in the world because they would have the biggest land mass. He did do the mission for Spain but more for himself and it was his job to do this kind of adventuring. He wanted to make history and this document shows what he had discovered and his proposal to the king and queen of what he thought the colonies should be run and so on. This absolutely has to be apart of a the voyage with Christopher Columbus because it tells a little bit of what he saw, what he knows and what his plans were. He tells about all these riches and gold and how they can make the colonies work and survive and build communities. It gives an idea of what he thought and what he had believed should have happened, which for the most part did happen. He was a very bright man I assume by this letter to the king and queen and he explained his plans very well and the king and queen should have been pleased of Christopher for making all of that happen. With out this it would be like missing a piece of a puzzle. Questions with out full knowledge of what was going on. Christopher started his journey around 1492, I think, and it took him a couple years to discover this land mass and he was eventually a hero to Spain. Without Christopher discovery of the Americas people would have come and settled in the Americas later than they did and he wouldn’t be famous.

Free Essay on Shakespeares Macbeth - Deceitful Lady Macbeth :: Free Essay Writer

Deceitful Lady Macbeth Lady Macbeth’s wicked character has an extreme impact towards her husband. Lady Macbeth is responsible for influencing her husband to commit both crimes; she unleashes the dark side of him and motivates him to become an evil and horrendous man. In various parts throughout the story we find that Lady Macbeth strives beyond limits to be converted into a bitter and sour women. The audience is revolted by her horrific actions and although she may seem repugnant, she is an extremely talented actor. In her role, having a deceitful and convincing character is important We start to see Lady Macbeth’s actions have a huge impact on Macbeth’s character as he transforms from a decent being to an overly bitter creature. The cause of his alteration is due to the fact that Lady Macbeth is constantly excreting heartless information into his mind. "Art thou afeard to be the same in thine own act and valour as thou art in desire?" (I;vii;39-41) "And, to be more than what you were, you would be so much more the man." (I;vii;50-51) Lady Macbeth uses these quotes to push her husband beyond limits and is therefore responsible for his dramatic change in attitude. She is constantly feeding his thoughts with negative comments and later on Macbeth realizes that he has another side to him. As he moves along to discover the concealed side of him, Macbeth falls in love with himself and begins to be drawn towards his evil desires. Because Lady Macbeth was the main cause of his new hidden discovery, she is fully responsible for opening up the door and lettin g the darkness in. This results in Macbeth committing both murders. In the beginning of the play, Lady Macbeth is overly whelmed by the letter she receives about Macbeth. This pushes her to the extreme and causes her to react outrageously. " Come, you spirits that tend on mortal thoughts, unsex me here†¦make thick my blood†¦take my milk for gall, you murdering ministers†¦come thick night." (I;v;40-50) All these images of darkness and horror reveal the true character of Lady Macbeth; she feels the need to become wicked. Her attitude is even more horrific when she calls on evil spirits to come and possess her, taking control of her actions. This sort of behavior causes the audience and reader to assume Lady Macbeth is a psychopath, and therefore would have reason to hold her responsible for having a major impact on her husband and driving him off, enlightening a twisted sinister and threatening dark side of him.

British Enlightenment

It is the realization of major reforms in life and its beliefs occurred during the age of enlightment which was a short period in our human history when thinkers gave realistic recognition of the sad human state and condition and giving optimism to a new set of ideas. (Roy P. 35) These set of ideas question tradition the very basis of pre conceived thoughts of the past. The set of ideas also had an attitude within themselves, which did a way with beliefs and justified modernism (Roy P.  50)The British Enlightenment The British enlightenment was a movement which started about the year 1680 and it is believed to have ended in the year 1820. This was a time and age which many philosophers and thinkers thought of ways to cope with challenges faced like ignorance and superstition. (Gregory C. 114) It was characterized by much scientific and intellectual accomplishment. It was the age of great thinkers.The British enlightenment was a movement which in many ways named itself since the thi nkers and writers thought they were more enlightened than the general population at that time, since most of them were poor and lived in rural settings and thus the thinkers set out to enlighten them. (Roy P. 43) But the British enlightenment did not start from within, it was influenced by the greater Europe which had been undergoing â€Å"Enlightenment† the greatest influence on Britain was the Scottish and the French enlightenment which had started a little earlier than the British enlightenment.(Burke, P. 55) But also the British overthrowing their king earlier in the 17th century creating an opening for democracy and Protestantism started the French and the Scottish enlightenment. The British enlightenment was commonly referred to, as empiricism in Britain since the main characteristics of enlightenment namely search for knowledge and defiance of tradition were not so visible due to their social conditions. Nonetheless the things mainly targeted for change were hereditary aristocracy and religion especially Catholicism. (Gregory C.116) This period of enlightenment in Britain was characterized by rise in intellectual life, which brought improvement in Britain’s key sector of agriculture. More ways of maximizing output were realized thus reduced famine commonly experienced after every eight to nine years. The economy also advanced due to this and more people moved to urban areas in such of prosperity especially London which had close to a million people at the time. (Gregory C. 112) There were also a growing number of people who believed in science and disciplined reason.There was also a chance for common people to explore fanatism and passions, which were earlier, deprived by traditions and beliefs. Enlightenment had its benefits but had its fair share of downfalls. Due to increasing urban population, citizens drank and gambled causing a decay of morals and family values, streets were filled with prostitutes and people had lack of respect to v alues once strongly upheld. (Gregory C. 112) Thinkers like John Locke and David Hume led this revolution.They believed that humanity was deeply inclined to emotion than reason thus sparking a wave of people who believed less in magic or supernatural things but more on the power of human reasoning. Enlightenment though welcomed openly in Europe especially in England, Scotland and France had its enemies most prolific being Karl Marx the founder of maxim or better known as socialism. It also led to uprisings like the French Revolution but all these did not deter the British from being enlightened thus forming the basis of capitalism and a new era.(Gregory C. 113) Conclusion The enlightenment is mostly viewed as an anomaly in our history when people believed perfect societies would be built in a matter of reasoning, sense and tolerating each other. But these infatuations can never be realized since religion is a key mover in modern society and still has a strong following of disciples w ho believe in supernatural beings and customary beliefs. Superstition is still a major setback in the enlightening of people.But enlightenment is still alive with us with the human rights activism and belief in pursuing your passion and fanatism without fear of authority but belief in human equality and prosperity Thus nobody is left out when fighting for there rights even in minorities like the poor or disabled. Though the brief enlightening era is long gone there are still a few enlightenment pioneers in the modern age who believe in human knowledge and prosperity without fear of authority but belief in human equality and prosperity, to this day the British still concerned with the affairs of politics and morality with intensity.(Burke, P. 66) Works Cited Burke, Peter. Popular Culture in Early Modern Europe. New York: Harper and Row, 1978. 23-67 Gregory Claeys: Utopias of the British Enlightenment, Cambridge Texts in the History of Political Thought: Cambridge University Press, 19 94 112-118 Roy Porter: The Creation of the Modern World: The Untold Story of the British Enlightenment: New York: Norton, 2000. 34-56

Analysis Of The Breach Notification Law Letter Essay

Breach notification law letters have contributed to the importance of information security throughout every business level of an organization. Every department of a corporation has the responsibility to detect, monitor, investigate and report breaches; whether a data or physical breach. Reports of breaches help not only IT security officers maintain awareness, but also every other member of an organization as well. Breaches cause reputational damage to organizations, and each one can have major consequences to the corporation. Breach notification letters lead to awareness and attention that may have gone unnoticed or unknown by other companies. These letters must follow the following guidelines when being written: Take responsibility and apologize. Be clear and unassuming. Most people today understand identity theft, but data breach is still a foreign word. Explain what happened, be transparent and honest. Write at a simple understandable level that everyone can understand. Explain the customer options without scaring them. Provide them a phone number and resources if they are concerned and want assistance. Remember that the customer is a single person and should feel that the company is making a genuine attempt to protect them. Be leery of red flags. Letters should be sent to someone outside the company and ask how it reads to them. Does it scare them or do they feel some type of comfort? Explain how the company is ensuring that this type of incident doesn’t happen again. Apologize again.

14 Things You Need to Know as a New Nurse

14 Things You Need to Know as a New Nurse So you’ve made it. You want to be a nurse and now you’re ready to begin your nursing career. Here are 14 tips from actual nurses, things they wish they’d known back when they first were starting out, that can help set you on a steeper learning curve as a new nurse. 1. Your schedule is different on paper vs. in real lifeYour schedule might look totally doable- a manageable series of shifts (most hospitals would say 3 shifts of 12 hours each). But when you factor in changeover duties, exchanging important patient information before and after each work day, and your commute? Those days are easily 15 hours. And those four days off per week? Forget it. Be ready for the 5 a.m. phone calls begging you to pinch hit when you’re understaffed. Best be prepared for more hours than your schedule would suggest on paper.2. Your duties expand far and wideThe definition of â€Å"nursing,† as it turns out, has a lot more to it than just the medical care you were trai ned to give. Expect also to have to perform the tasks of waitress, housekeeper, advocate, crusader, IT person, mediator, electrician, errand runner, and counselor. The more your realize how much outside stuff will factor into your ability to get your actual job done, the better a nurse you’ll be.3. Your memory game must be on pointIf you don’t have an outstanding memory, you’d better come up with a mnemonic system to keep things better in your head, or at least be extremely organized and know where you’ve recorded the details you really can’t forget. You’ll be expected to know without hesitation details about your patient, their disease profile, the technology you’ll need to wield, medication interactions, etc. Often as a matter of life and death.4. Your mistakes will be plentifulIt would be naà ¯ve to think that you won’t make them. You will. Everyone does. The first one will feel awful, and you’ll probably cry, but yo u’ll be very unlikely ever to make it again. Do your best to learn from your mistakes. They’ll make you a much better nurse. And take extra care with medications- they’re the easiest thing to mess up!5. You will learn how to handle the most difficult thingNursing school, no matter how much you think it has, cannot prepare you to witness your first, second, or two hundredth death. You will see hundreds and they will not get easier. Each will be different and tragic in their own way.6. You will develop a sick sense of humorIf you don’t have one already, you will soon. You and your coworkers will find yourselves making jokes you’d never even realize were joke-worthy before you became a nurse. Just go with it. This is how we keep each other sane.7. You will be attached to the phoneYou’ll be dealing with patients a great deal. You’ll be expected to be graceful under fire. But you’ll also spend an ungodly amount of time, tedious time , on the telephone. Other departments, doctors, pharmacies, insurance companies, supply companies, etc. Train yourself to have excellent phone demeanor and you’ll go far.8. Your body will take a beatingIt will hurt you. After almost every shift. And as you grow older and more seasoned in your career, it will only hurt more. You’re standing, walking, lifting patients and equipment. It takes a toll. Take good care of yourself. Stretch. Learn to optimize your body mechanics- standing, sitting, bending, lifting. Wear compression stockings and good, supportive shoes.9. Your friends and family become bonus patientsYou’re never going to be off the clock. Not as long as your friends and family have cell phones and cameras and can send you their complaints and health questions. Just get used to it. You’ll have a hard time turning loved ones away when you or your colleagues might be of help.10. Your pay is not as high as it should beIt will never be enough for the amount of work you’re expected to do just to perform your base duties. But there are always opportunities for you to pick up extra shifts and overtime. If you can do the extra work, you can make the extra cash.11. Your schedule will be all over the placeKiss your weekends and holidays goodbye. And be prepared to explain to your friends and family why you can’t always be counted on to come to dinners and birthday parties and weekends away. Eventually you’ll all get used to the way things have to be.12. Your second family will be at workYour coworkers will become your family. You’ll be battle tested. And you’ll see everything, process everything, mourn and celebrate everything as a little unit. You’ll love and hate them, and celebrate most holidays by their side.13. You will come to depend upon breakfastIs more important for you than for almost any one else in any other career. Make sure you eat it, even if you do it during your commute. It mi ght be the only chance you get to eat. And try to load up on protein bars or drinks to keep you going when you only have two minutes to eat and no time to chew!14. You will learn the meaning of commitmentProbably the most important thing to ask yourself is how much you actually want this. Nursing isn’t for everyone. It’s a thankless, underappreciated, underpaid profession, but if it’s what you love, you’ll be able to hang in there no matter what. Do a bit of soul searching to find the kind of dedication you’ll need to keep you going during the course of your long career.

Scotch

Scotch Scotch Scotch By Simon Kewin The word Scotch has several meanings, but it should never be used as an adjective to refer to a person or object from Scotland. The only exception is that the word is acceptable as part of certain compound names, such as Scotch whisky, Scotch mist or Scotch broth. Words such as Scotchman or Scotchwoman are obsolete and frowned upon by people from Scotland. The correct words to use are Scottish or Scots. It would be wrong, for example, to say â€Å"The Scotch weather is frequently atrocious† but it would be quite correct to say â€Å"The Scottish weather is frequently atrocious†. Similarly, the Scottish newspaper is The Scotsman, not The Scotchman. The word Scotch on its own is (as well as being a registered trade name) often used as a shortened form of â€Å"Scotch whisky†. Therefore, it is just about permissible to say â€Å"Scotch man†, as in â€Å"I’m a Scotch man, myself†, but that would mean someone who enjoys or prefers to drink Scotch whisky rather than someone from Scotland. Footnote : Whisky and whiskey are often used interchangeably, but the two spellings identify the origin of the spirit. In the UK, â€Å"whisky† means the drink from Scotland, whereas â€Å"whiskey† is used when the source is Ireland. More widely, â€Å"whisky† is also used when referring to the Canadian and Japanese drinks and â€Å"whiskey† is generally used to refer to the drink when it is from the USA. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Misused Words category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:20 Great Opening Lines to Inspire the Start of Your Story15 Words for Household Rooms, and Their SynonymsPunctuation Is Powerful

Evaluate if Youngs is a good investment. In this answer you need to Essay

Evaluate if Youngs is a good investment. In this answer you need to consider any qualitative factors that might affect your recommendation - Essay Example The competitive advantage will make the company to reward its shareholders very well for decades thus making it a good investment. The good reputation has provided the company with a real opportunity to expand in the future hence a good investment. Such conditions make Youngs to have higher future financial performance hence being able to provide the highest financial rewards to the investors or shareholders. Secondly, Youngs has an increasing profitability and liquidity. The current ratio of Youngs shows an upward trend and the trend is likely to continue into the future, this indicates an increase in its ability to meet short-term obligations. On the other hand, its profitability ratios show an upward trend. The net profit ratio of the company increased in 2014 sop is return on assets. This implies an increase in the company’s efficiency. The company is therefore very profitable nd the trend is likely to continue into the unforeseeable future. Even though the company has an increasing use of debts, it has sufficient liquidity to meet its interest payments. Its cash flow in terms of interest payment is, therefore, limited hence the company is able to keep such costs to a minimum. The lower interest payments leave more cash at the disposal of the company which they can use as financial rewards to the investors in terms of dividends. In addition, the surplus cash can be reinvested into the company to generate or create value for the shareholders of the company. In either way, the investors stand to benefit. Thirdly, the company has a very simple business model. It sells high quality ladies and gents clothing. It is therefore very easy to monitor the performance of the stock of the company. The ever increasing demand for designer and fashionable clothing acts as a driver for future growth and this makes the company to be a good investment because it has a bright future in the fashion

Research Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 9

Research - Essay Example Decision-making is paramount during the times of drastic changes in the organization as it determines the success or the failure of the organization. Decision-making ensures that the steps taken in the change process have been researched on and are confirmed to work under specific circumstances. According to the article, â€Å"A Novel Trauma Leadership Model Reflective of Changing Times† by Cecile D’Huyvetter and Thomas H. Cogbill, change should be done according to the various generations that exist in the organization. Although this may be applied in large organizations that have employees with diverse age groups, it is applicable in most large health institutions. The findings in this article provide clear directives on how different generations should be treated because they prefer different leadership styles. I would apply these findings according to the generations. Application of these findings could ensure that the organization is in a better situation to make comprehensive and cost effective leadership models that ensure provider satisfaction at work. Most organizations have two different generations; the generation X and generation Y (DHuyvetter & Cogbill, 2014). These generations are usually very comfortable at using technology and have a habit of c onstant communications; therefore, I would use technology to communicate easily and affordably with them. Since this generation prefers work and life balance, they prefer a group approach to completing tasks. This is because they interact well with others. Therefore, ensuring that the organization fosters teamwork when dealing with these age groups would indicate effective decision making and change would be accomplished with reduced effort in the organization. Since these groups also prefer the absence of hierarchy, I would also make a good decision of such a favorable workplace to be

Compare and Contract Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Compare and Contract - Essay Example The methodology is an evolutional process is which the findings change and evolve throughout the study. In contrast using a quantitative research approach starts with a specific research objective and through the process of gathering statistical data confirms the initial objectives of the study. In quantitative research collection of statistical data is used to investigate and answer research questions (Christensen, et al, 2011, p. 29). Researchers using a quantitative research approach will interpret and format numerical data systematically to produce evidence to support the research objective(s). In using the template for analyzing research both the Zoo Research Study and the Event Path Research for Professionals were similar in that each contained the majority of the items suggested allowing for a thorough examination. The problems and/or objective of the study (ies) were identified and verifiable citations were presented throughout the reports. The studies identified the specific populations targeted, the data collecting methods used; the studies presented the hypothesis, findings, limitations, and suggestions for future research studies to broaden the knowledge base on the subjects studied. Even though the populations of the individual studies were different with the Zoo Study focused primarily on children in grades K-12, and the Event Path Research examined adults, both studies sought to understand cognition, how to increase critical thinking, and enhancing problem solving skills. In contrast the research methodologies and approaches were different. The study involving the impact of field trips to aquariums, zoos, and nature parks on children used a â€Å"mixed† research design in which qualitative and quantitative methods were combined. The use of interviews and observations along with statistical data helped researcher form conclusions and base

The Gothic Elements In Tim Burtons Movies Film Studies Essay

The Gothic Elements In Tim Burtons Movies Film Studies Essay Nowadays, film has been popular among people through the ages. There are kind of films that have been created up until now. For instance, films about criminal, romance, Sci-Fi, etc. Many film directors compete to make a good film. A film director is also called as an auteur if he or she is a complete film maker. He or she conceives the idea for the story, writes the script or the screenplay, and then carefully supervises every step in the film making process, from selecting the cast and finding a suitable setting down to editing the final cut. (Boggs and Petrie 308). The style or characteristic in a film are usually describing the directors personality itself. In this paper, the writer will analyze about Tim Burtons movies because she is interested with this directors work in movie making. Almost all of his movies are containing with dark and horror or it can be called as gothic. He is also called an auteur because in some of his films, he does everything all by himself. The background of Tim Burton makes him into a creative director and creates some fascinating film with the darkness but also putting some dark comedy in his films. Burton was born on August 25, 1958 in Burbank suburban. Tim Burton, as a child, enjoyed to watch horror and monster movies. His favourite actor was Vincent Price. He was the protagonist in many horror movies such as The House of Wax (1975). Furthermore, Tim loved horror movies based on Edgar Alan Poes poems like the film Raven. He was seeing his self in those films and on the face of the actor Vincent Price, because of his isolation as a child. Tim Burton himself, states that horror movies especially the ones starring Vincent Price, spoke to him. (WordPress, 2012) He was worked in Disney as an animator. Then, he was recruited by Paul Reubens and made a hit movie Pee-wees Big Adventure (1985). After that, he made another movie Beetlejuice which also became hit at that time. There are many more film that have been directed by Burton such as Batman (1989), Edward Scissorhands (1990), The Nightmare before Christmas (1993), Sleepy Hollow (1999), The Demon Barber of Fleet Street Sweeney Todd (2007), and such as Dark Shadows (2012). (Andec) As a director who is identical with gothic, Tim Burton is very professional. He is very serious in directing the process of the film making, and also he is very creative because in most of his films, he likes to make the properties of the film handmade by himself. Even though there is another professional person who can make it, but Burton wants to do it by himself. He always makes everything with his own imagination and it is like he creates himself. Â  Its noticeable in almost all his movies that the characters have dark and sunken eyes like Edward in Edward Scissorhands, said his wife Helena Bonham Carter who was also an actress in most of Tims movies. Tim always wanted a sort of, like, silent-movie-star for both of us (she and actor Johnny Depp, they both starred in The Demon Barber of Fleet Street, Sweeney Todd). So we have both got very, very pale skin and then rather dark, sunken eyes. A bit like how Tim looks. You know, his usual sort of aesthetic. He loves pale, dark, sunken eyes and because hes an insomniac. I think thats where it comes from. Theres a lot of autobiography in there. But even. Its completely unconscious. He is so not a narcissist. But it always ends up, being, somehow, a version of himself. (WordPress, 2012) From all of Burtons movies, the writer chooses two films between them, Edward Scissorhands (1990) and Sleepy Hollow (1999). These two movies are contained of many gothic elements. The story of Edward Scissorhands was made by Burton himself which reflected his characters which often outsiders, misunderstood, and misperceived, and in many ways he embodies his characters into his film. (Mark Salisbury 18) Besides, the movie of Sleepy Hollow directed by Tim Burton is an adaptation from the short story of The Legend of Sleepy Hollow by Washington Irving (1817) written while he was living in Birmingham, England, and first published in 1820. It was based on the German folktale, the story is set in the Dutch culture of Post-Revolutionary War in New York State. The lines of The Legend of Sleepy Hollow are influences of late-eighteenth and early-nineteenth-century European cultural movements. (Gale, 2006). This short story has been made into film for several times, such as The Adventures of Ic habod and Mr. Toad (1949), and the following The Hollow (2004) and Headless Horseman (2007). The Legend of Sleepy Hollow is the closest American literature that has come to produce a classic ghost story. Therefore, based on the explanations above, the writer would like to analyze the gothic elements throughout the cinematic aspect of Tim Burtons films Edward Scissorhands and Sleepy Hollow. FIELD OF THE STUDY The field of this study will be focused on literature, especially film. SCOPE OF THE STUDY This research is based on literature especially Film Studies. The writer chooses cinematic aspect to find out the gothic elements which occur in Tim Burtons movies Edward Scissorhands and Sleepy Hollow. PROBLEM FORMULATION This research questions can be formulated as follows: What are the cinematic aspects found in the Edward Scissorhands and Sleepy Hollow movie? How do the gothic elements contribute to the success of the cinematic aspect? OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY The objectives of this study can be stated as follows: Explaining the cinematic aspects in the movies of Edward Scissorhands and Sleepy Hollow. Finding the gothic elements that contribute the success of the cinematic aspect. SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY This study will help the students, especially in the literature aspect, to understand more about cinematic aspect and gothic literature. DEFINITION OF TERMS Below are the terms that will be used by the writer to analyze about the cinematic aspect and the gothic elements in Tim Burtons movies Edward Scissorhands and Sleepy Hollow: Cinematography: Art and technology of motion-picture photography. It involves the composition of a scene, lighting of the set and actors, choice of cameras, camera angle, and integration of special effects to achieve the photography images desired by the director. (Merriam Webster) Gothic Fiction: a genre of literature that combines both horror and romance or a scholarly article which states the earthly laws of conventional reality and the possibilities of the supernatural emphasizing the difference between horror and romance as genres which reflecting on the common ground that has been christened Gothic. (Jerrold Hogle) Horror: a genre of literature that is identical with the darkness, and associated with fear, mystery, and supernatural to be able to scare its readers. REVIEW OF LITERATURE In this chapter, the writer would like to explain the theories in order to support her analysis. The first theory is about film studies. Film studies is an interdisciplinary program that focuses on the history, theory, and criticism of cinema and other moving image media. (Yale) There is another definition of film studies by Richard from The Oxford Guide to Film Studies (p.3) who stated that film studies is based upon the science and techniques of film, its physics and chemistry, the practices and possibilities of the camera and the other apparatuses of filmmaking. According to Boggs and Petrie The art of Watching Film (pp. 124) film studies has a cinematic aspect which will be used by the writer to help her analysis process. In Film studies there are two aspects, the literary aspect and the cinematic aspect. Because the writer would only use the cinematic aspect, so here is the explanation about the cinematic aspect of film. The Cinematic Aspects of Film According to Susan Against Interpretation and Other Essays that like novel, the cinema presents us with a view of the action which is absolutely under the control of the director (writer) at every moment. Our attention cannot wander about the screen, as it does about the stage. When the camera moves we move, when it remains still we are still. In a similar way the novel presents a selection of the thoughts and descriptions which are relevant to the writers conception, and we must follow these serially, as the author leads us, they are not spread out, as a background, for us to contemplate in the order we choose, as in painting or the theater. Dudley on his book The Major of Film Theories: An Introduction (7) has noted that every question about film falls under at least one of the following headings: raw material, methods and techniques, forms and shapes, purpose or value. These categories, adapted from Aristotle, (Physics, section.3) divide the phenomenon of film into the aspects which make it up and which can be interrogated. The raw material includes questions about the medium, such as those which seek its relation to reality, photography, and illusion, or those which follow out its use of time and space, or even those which aim at such processes as color, sound, and the make-up of the movie theater. Anything which is seen to exist as a given state of affairs with which the cinematic process begins belongs to the category of raw material. The methods and techniques of cinema comprises all questions about the creative process which shapes or treats the raw material, from discussions of technological developments (like the zoom shot) to the psychology of the filmmaker or even the economics of film production. The forms and shapes of film is the category containing questions about the kinds of film which have been or could be made. Questions about cinemas ability to adapt other artworks lie here, as do questions about genre and audience expectation or effect. Here we are looking at films from the standpoint of a completed process in which the raw material has already been shaped by various creative methods. The purpose and value of cinema is the category which interfaces with the larger aspects of life, for here fall all questions which seek the goal of cinema in mans universe. In accordance to Boggs Petrie (112-124) identify the cinematic film like: Cinematic point of view Four points of view are employed in motion pictures, such as objective (camera as sideline observer), subjective (camera as participant in the action), indirect-subjective and directors interpretive. Elements of cinematic composition Focusing attention on the most significant object, such as, size and closeness of the object, sharpness of focus, movement, extreme close-up, arrangement of people and objects, foreground framing, and lighting and color. (BoggsPetrie, p. 122) Techniques for specialized visual effects Camera Angles Color, Diffusion, and Soft Focus Special Lenses Slow Motion Fast Motion The freeze frame, the Thawed Frame, and Stills Special Lighting Effects Gothic Literature The second theory for the analysis is about the gothic literature. There are some aspects of Gothic literature more than terror. These are the elements of gothic based on the novel by Horace Walpole The Castle of Otranto (1764) and it contains essentially all the elements that constitute the genre and this novel by Walpole has influenced not only for the gothic novel, but also the film making up until now: Mystery A part of the storytelling that helps to create the Gothic atmosphere such as burial vaults, flickering candles, evil potion, etc. (buzzle) Environment and Setting A setting that used for the storytelling in Gothic novels to shows the horror image like the stormy weather, dark place (forest, big castle). (buzzle) Nightmare The fear experienced by the characters in the novel. (buzzle) Omens and Curses An ancient curse to make the character becomes more miserable. (buzzle) Decline and Decay A process when the character reflected their behavior or their characters. (buzzle) Supernatural Events To make the story more dramatic. (buzzle) Damsel in Distress The character is usually suffering and loneliness. (buzzle) Villains This character is usually cunning and shifty in their behavior. (buzzle) Protagonists The gothic heroes, usually they are burdened by the sorrow. (buzzle) Romance Usually the romance part will have the tragedy and sorrow line. (buzzle) METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS J.1 . Method of Data Collection The writer would use the Library research: books and internet. J.2. Data Analysis Watching the movie, then searching the cinematic aspects of the film, and also searching the gothic elements from the films using the cinematic aspect. J.3. Time Schedule Month Week 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4 July August September October November December Revision RM 1 and make a proposal Revision for proposal Examination of Thesis Proposal

Essay --

Technology With the development of technologies, people always use new technologies like Facebook to communicate with each other. Some people prefer to communicate with other people face to face because they think this can help them understand each other deeply among different populations. Others believe that technologies like Facebook make different people close. When faced with the decision of whether technologies can create more understanding or not, quite a few would claim that convenient technologies keep people apart, and people fail to interact face to face. If people use technologies to talk with each other, they will create lots of misunderstanding. But others, in contrast, deem that technologies can give more understanding as the premier choice and that is also my point. I think technologies like Facebook create more understanding among diverse populations because technologies create more opportunities for communication among diverse populations, help enable people to achieve social i nteraction, boost self-esteem, and help people express themselves in different ways. First, technologies create more opportunities for communication among diverse populations. Nowadays, many different people use technologies to communicate with each other. For example, Facebook has more than 750 million users worldwide. Those users are from different countries, cultures, backgrounds, and experiences. Technologies give people more choices to meet different people. Diverse populations can talk with each other in the same "place" using the technologies. For example, a person who is in America and another person who is in Turkey can talk with each other conveniently and efficiently although they did not know each other before. Technologies faci... ...rt response. On the other hand, technologies can use a system to identify the users' information. For instance, SINA WEIBO, which is a technology like Facebook in China, requires the user to submit his real information, and this system will check his personal information, such as name and ID number. When someone uses this system to commit crimes, the police can catch him easily. With the development of technologies, the online information will be more valuable and correct in the future. According to what we have discussed above, we can draw a conclusion that technologies make different people very close, and let them know each other deeply among diverse population. In the future, a lot of new technologies will appear in our life, and those new technologies will change the ways of our life. What we should do is adopt new technologies, and enjoy our technology life.

Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program Essay

Comprehensive Agrarian ReformPresentation Transcript 1. The 1987 Philippine Constitution 2. Article 13Social Justice and Human Rights(R.A. 6657-Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program) 3. Constitution of the Philippines the supreme law of the Philippines democratic and republican State enacted in 1987, during the administration of President Corazon Aquino, and is popularly known as the â€Å"1987 Constitution†. The Constitution is divided into 18 parts, excluding the Preamble, which are called Articles. 4. Social Justice and Human Rights refers to the idea of creating a society or institution that is based on the principles of equality and solidarity, that understands and values human rights, and that recognizes the dignity of every human being. based on the concepts of human rights and equality and involves a greater degree of economic egalitarianism through progressive taxation, income redistribution, or even property redistribution. 5. Aim to achieve what developmental economists refer to as moreequality of opportunity than may currently exist in some societies. to manufacture equality of outcome in cases where incidental inequalities appear in a procedurally just system. 6. PreambleWe, the sovereign Filipino people, imploring the aid of Almighty God, in order to build a just and humane society and establish a Government that shall embody our ideals and aspirations, promote the common good, conserve and develop our patrimony, and secure to ourselves and our posterity the blessings of independence and democracy under the rule of law and a regime of truth, justice, freedom, love, equality, and peace, do ordain and promulgate this Constitution. 7. Article XIII – Social Justice and Human Rights Labor Agrarian and Natural Resources Reform Urban Land Reform and Housing Health Women Role and Rights of People’s Organizations Human Rights 8. Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program a Philippine state policy that ensures and promotes welfare of landless farmers and farm workers, as well as elevation of social justice and equity among rural areas. CARP was established by the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Law of 1988 (CARL). aimed for a nation with equitable land ownership and empowered agrarian reform beneficiaries while, at least, improving social lives. enacted by the 8th Congress of the Philippines and signed by Aquino on June 10, 1988. 9. Objective To successfully devise land reform in Philippines. To improve the economic and social status of the beneficiaries  of land reform in Philippines. 10. Objectives of Agrarian Reform – Political to put an end to conflicts pertaining to land ownership. to bring about harmony between the rural people and the urban residents. bringing stability in the political set up of the country.Objective of Agrarian Reform – Social bringing about equality in terms of opportunities, income as well as wealth. 11. Objectives of Agrarian Reform – Economic Enhancing agricultural production Enhancing agricultural productivity Bettering capital formation Providing employment to more agricultural workers Enhancing demand for raw materials and services Improving balance of payments by facilitating export activitiesTrying to increase production at home so that imports do not have to be relied upon. Enhancing cooperation as well as regulation between agricultural sector and the non agricultural sector. 12. CARP Major Feature It provides for the coverage of all agricultural lands regardless of cropsproduced or tenurial status of the tiller; It recognizes as beneficiaries of the program all workers in the land giventhat they are landless and willing to till the land; It provides for the delivery of support services to program beneficiaries; It provides for arrangements that ensure the tenurial security of farmersand farm workers such as the leasehold arrangement, stock distributionoption and production and profit sharing; and It creates an adjudication body that will resolve agrarian disputes. 13. R.A. 6657 Beneficiaries all agricultural lesseesshare tenants regardless: cropsregular farm workersseasonal farm workersother farm workers farmer’s organization cooperatives agricultural graduatesrural womenveterans and relatives of enlisted men and womenretirees of the AFP and the Integrated National Policerebel returnees and surrenderees 14. Qualifications of an Agrarian Reform Beneficiariesa. be landless;b. be at least 15 years old or head of the family at the time the property was transferred in the name of the Republic of the Philippines; andc. have the willingness, ability and aptitude to cultivate the land and make it as productive as possible. (Sec. 23, RA 6657)Note: Items (b) and (c) above are meant to ensure that the recipients of the land will judiciously use it and make it a productive agricultural land 15. Components of CARP Land Tenure ImprovementProgram Beneficiaries DevelopmentAgrarian Justice Delivery 16. Principles of CARPhighest consideration to the welfare of the landless farmers and farm workers due regard to the rights of landowners to  just compensation recognition of the rights of farmers, farm workers, landowners, cooperatives, and other independent organizations to participate in the planning, organization, and management of CARP provision of support to agriculture through appropriate technology and research provision of adequate financial, production, marketing, and other support services 17. CARP IMPLEMENTING AGENCIESDepartment of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) Department of Agriculture (DA) Land Bank of the Philippines (LBP) Land Registration Authority (LRA) Department of Public Works and Highways (DPWH) National Irrigation Authority (NIA) Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) Department of Labor and Employment – Bureau of Rural Workers (DOLE-BRW) 18. Scope of CARP The ownership or control of about 10.3 million hectares of agricultural land, representing about one-third of the total land area of the Philippines, shall be transferred over a ten year period to an estimated 3.9 million beneficiaries. 19. Lands Covered by CARPall alienable and disposable lands of the public domain devoted to or suitable to agriculture;all lands of the public domain in excess of the specific limits as determined by Congress;all other lands owned by the government devoted to or suitable to agriculture; and all private lands devoted to or suitable to agriculture regardless of the agricultural products raised or that can be raised therein. (Section 4, RA 6657) 20. Lands Not Covered by CARPthose which are not suitable for agriculture, and those which are classified as mineral, forest, residential, commercial or industrial land;those which have been classified and approved as non-agricultural prior to 15 June 1988 as ruled under Department of Justice Opinion No. 44, Series of 1990;those which are exempt pursuant to Sec. 10, RA 6657; those which are devoted to poultry, swine, or livestock raising as of June 15, 1988 pursuant to the Supreme Court ruling on Luz Farms vs. The Honorable Secretary of Agrarian Reform (G.R. No. 86339, 4 December 1990); andthose which are retained by the landowner (not covered insofar as land acquisition and distribution but covered with respect to other provisions, particularly leasehold) 21. Lands Exempted by CARP Coverage Lands actually, directly, and exclusively used and found to be necessary for parks, wildlife, forest reserves, reforestation, fish sanctuaries and breeding grounds, watersheds and mangroves, national defense, school sites and campuses including experimental farm stations operated by public or private schools for  education purposes, seeds and seedlings research and pilot production centers, church sites and convents appurtenant thereto, mosque sites and Islamic centers appurtenant thereto, communal burial grounds and cemeteries, penal colonies and penal farms actually worked by the inmates, and government and private research and quarantine centers; and Lands with eighteen percent (18%) slope and over, except those already developed as of 15 June 1988. (Sec. 10, RA 6657) 22. Proof of Ownership given to Beneficiariesa. Emancipation Patents (EPs) for OLT lands;b. Certificate of Land Ownership Award (CLOAs) for CA, VOS, and EO 407 lands, resettlement areas and landed estates; andc. Free Patents for public lands.Note: Beneficiaries of the Integrated Social Forestry Program covering agro-forestry public lands whose ownership cannot be transferred, received Certificates of Stewardship Contract (CSCs) which are good for 25 years, renewable for another 25 years. 23. Department of Agrarian Reform the lead implementing agency of CARP. undertakes land tenure improvement and development of program beneficiaries. conducts land survey in resettlement areas. undertakes land acquisition and distribution and land management studies. orchestrates the delivery of support services to farmer-beneficiaries andpromotes the development of viable agrarian reform communities. 24. Referenceshttp://en.wikipedia.orghttp://1987-philippineconstitution.blogspot.comhttp://unpan1.un.org/intradoc/groups/public/documents/apcity/unpan005112.p